Loans with Little Down?

Loans with Little Down?

PETER G. MILLER QUESTION:
My broker says now is the time to buy real estate because prices are low, mortgage rates are down, and it will soon be difficult to finance a property with less than 20 percent down. Why will it become hard to get loans with little down?

ANSWER:


There's been considerable confusion about this, so let's try to straighten it out.

Under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act lenders are allowed to make whatever mortgages they like. However, if they make mortgages with certain characteristics - say, with fully documented loan applications and points and fees equal to no more than 3 percent of the loan amount - they then get certain benefits such as less liability and no need to set aside 5 percent of the loan amount in a reserve fund.

Dodd-Frank also says that loans within the "safe harbor" created to protect lenders from liability must have 20 percent down. But - and here's the part you don't hear too much about - there are huge exceptions. For instance, the 20-percent rule does not apply to FHA or VA financing, conventional loans sold to Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac or loans that lenders keep in portfolio.

The question is this: Who would benefit if mortgages with little money down were increasingly unavailable? Not sellers. Fewer sales would mean lower prices. Not lenders. They would originate fewer loans and lose substantial business. Not servicers. They would have less to manage on behalf of mortgage investors. Not real estate brokers. They would have fewer homes to sell. Not states and local communities. With fewer real estate transactions their tax collections would plummet.

There's now an effort to raise the FHA down payment from 3.5 percent to 5 percent and exchange Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac for institutions from the private sector. But even if we make changes, borrowers will still want loans with little down, and, as a matter of self-interest lenders, brokers and government will still want to make sure that such financing is available with far less than 20 percent down.
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Class-action suit filed over HOA debt-collection practices

Legal headaches seem to be intensifying for Nevada homeowner associations and their collection agencies, with the filing Monday of another class-action lawsuit over HOA debt-collection practices.

Attorneys for Benita Jones Ebel filed suit in U.S. District Court in Las Vegas against Nevada Association Services Inc. (NAS), claiming it’s been violating the federal Fair Debt Collection Practices Act by sending "dunning letters" that are "unfair and unconscionable" and invaded her privacy.

Ebel in the lawsuit seeks to represent a class of people who received such letters over alleged debts resulting from unpaid HOA assessments.

The suit specifically charges that in a Dec. 17 collection letter regarding an alleged debt to the Rancho Viejo HOA, NAS threatened to file a lien against Ebel’s home if the debt wasn’t paid within 10 days.

This violated the law in that consumers have 30 days to dispute such debts, the lawsuit suggests.

"As a result of defendant’s threat to record a notice of delinquent assessment lien, defendant threatened to take non-judicial action to effect … disablement of plaintiff’s property without the present right to do so," charged the suit, which was filed by attorneys with Cogburn Law Offices.

David Stone, president of Nevada Association Services, said Monday his company complies with the debt collection law.

"We will file the appropriate responsive pleading, and if this is found to be a frivolous lawsuit we will be seeking attorney's fees. We expect this claim to be adjudicated in our favor, as similar claims have been. We have been sued before and I expect more lawsuits. Plaintiffs are looking for a quick payday and this is not going to happen," Stone said.

With the recession causing many homeowners to fall behind on paying HOA assessments, and vacant and foreclosed homes sometimes producing no revenue for HOAs, collection activity has picked up in recent years and controversies and lawsuits have followed.

Numerous collection lawsuits are pending in state and federal court in Las Vegas and a massive complaint was filed last month with the state Real Estate Division against more than 500 Nevada homeowner associations.

Yet another pending lawsuit, filed by a Bank of America subsidiary, claims HOAs have been trying to get the bank to pay for unauthorized attorney’s fees and collection costs related to assessments against foreclosed homes.

Real Estate in Crisis

The subprime mortgage crisis is hitting the Las Vegas metro area particularly hard. In fact, Nevada has the highest foreclosure rate in the country and the metro area is consistently one of the top five worse in the nation. The crisis jeopardizes further growth by creating an overflow of available homes, which in turn slows the construction of new homes and invariably effects property values. But at the same time it creates opportunities of more affordable housing for those who have been priced out of the market in recent years.

The crisis entails homeowners losing their houses after they are unable to afford their mortgage payment. It was brought about by lenders and banks giving risky loans, or subprime mortgages, to people with poor credit scores or finances. Low interest rates first attracted such homebuyers. However, as many loans were adjustable rate mortgages (ARMs), higher interest rates down the road made payments nearly impossible, ultimately leading to foreclosure. Furthermore, predatory lenders have been accused of perpetuating the situation by unfairly taking advantage of uninformed or new buyers. There were a large number of investors who bought homes at the height of the market and expected to flip them for a profit, only to see values decline.

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